Pulse Capacitor with High Energy Storage Density

The pulse capacitor can store the charging energy of a small power supply in a long time interval. At a certain moment when needed, the stored   energy is quickly released in a very short time interval, forming a strong impact currentAnd powerful impact power.

Features of pulse capacitor

The metallized polypropylene film is used as the medium, sealed with high-voltage insulating material, and the shell is insulated.It has excellent   electrical performance,good reliability, high temperature resistance, small size, large capacity and good self-healing performance.

Pulse capacitor use
Pulse capacitors are used in high-voltage test devices such as impulse voltage generators, impulse current generators,   and oscillation circuits.   In addition, they can also be used for electromagnetic forming, hydroelectric forming, hydroelectric crushing, energy storage welding, seabed prospecting and production of high-temperature plasma super-impact magnetic fields, Strong impact light source, laser and other devices.

Research on High Energy Storage Density Pulse Capacitor

High energy storage density pulse capacitors are now widely used in pulsed power supplies, medical equipment, electromagnetic weapons, particle accelerators and environmental protection. Energy storage pulse capacitors have experienced the development of paper/aluminum foil structure, paper film structure, and metalized electrode structure.The energy storage density has risen from tens of J/L to nearly kJ/T, and laboratory samples have reached 2 to 3 kJ/L.Each large increase in the energy storage density of capacitors is accompanied by the application of new materials or processes: impregnating agents range from mineral oil for paper capacitors to rapeseed oil for metallized film capacitors; electrodes from aluminum foil to metallized evaporation layer to split typeMetallized electrode; the medium ranges from paper to paper film to full film to composite film.

Self-healing high energy storage density capacitor
Metallization evaporation technology was applied to energy storage capacitors in the 1970s. The electrode of a metallized film capacitor is composed of a very thin layer of metal (usually aluminum or zinc-aluminum) vapor-deposited onto an organic film, and its thickness is only 20-100nm. Defects or impurities in the production process of the film, where the electrical strength is lower than the surroundings, are called electrical weaknesses. As the applied voltage increases, the thin film at the electrical weak point is first broken down to form a discharge channel. The discharge current causes local high temperature, and the extremely thin metal at the breakdown point

The layer quickly evaporates when heated, diffuses outward and restores the insulation. Because the local breakdown does not affect the entire capacitor, this process is called "self-healing" (see Figure 2 for the principle). The self-healing process is affected by factors such as the applied voltage, the capacitance of the sample, the thickness of the metal layer and other factors. The energy level dissipated is usually μJ～mJ. The self-healing area is usually several mm2～cm2, and the capacitor after self-healing can continue to work. The small amount of gas, water, carbon and other substances generated by the chemical reaction in the self-healing will have an adverse effect on some electrical parameters of the capacitor such as insulation resistance and dielectric loss, but unless a large area of self-healing occurs, it is usually very weak. The metalized film capacitor works At this time, the capacitance will gradually decrease. After a decrease of 5%, the rate of decrease will increase sharply and the insulation resistance of the capacitor will decrease sharply. Therefore, a 5% decrease in capacitance is used as an indicator of the end of the life of the capacitor.

The metallized film capacitor effectively prevents the failure of the capacitor caused by a single electric weakness, greatly extends the service life, and reduces the volume/weight of the electrode, which greatly improves the energy storage density.However, the thin electrode structure and the connection form of gold spray at the end limit the flow capacity, so it cannot be used in the field of large current steep pulse discharge (ns ~ μs level).Thickening the electrode edge and improving the end spray gold can improve the end flow capacity.Metallized film capacitors have been widely used in the field of slow pulse discharge (ms level) in recent years, such as medical cardiac pacemakers and electromagnetic launch weapons.

Application:

• High Voltage Pulse Current for medium frequency application

• High Voltage DC / AC Voltage application
• Capacitor can be discharged at rated voltage directly without any protective component and with ambient Temperature up to +105C
• High Voltage Decoupling and Snubbering
• Voltage Multiplier
• Induction heating
• Act as discharge capacitor to trigger laser, X-Ray and Tesla Coil
• For high voltage capacitor bank or array
• High Voltage Power Supplies

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